[ { "date": "2026-08-17", "actor": "Nvidia", "actor_type": "Chipmaker", "action": "Backs OpenAI Ohio data center financing", "magnitude": "Up to $105B; 4.25 GW", "summary": "Nvidia agreed to provide up to $105 billion in financing for an OpenAI Ohio data center with 4.25 GW initial capacity, built by SB Energy.", "source_url": "https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-08-17/nvidia-to-invest-up-to-105-billion-for-openai-data-center-in-ohio", "source_name": "Bloomberg", "verified": true, "usd_b": 105, "gw": 4.25 }, { "date": "2026-08-02", "actor": "European Commission (AI Office)", "actor_type": "Regulator", "action": "Begins enforcing AI Act obligations", "magnitude": "Fines to €35M or 7% turnover", "summary": "AI Act transparency and high-risk obligations became enforceable, with penalties up to €35 million or 7% of global turnover for banned practices.", "source_url": "https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/regulatory-framework-ai", "source_name": "European Commission", "verified": true, "usd_b": null, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-07-30", "actor": "Amazon", "actor_type": "Platform", "action": "Raises 2026 capex guidance", "magnitude": "~$220B capex 2026", "summary": "Amazon raised 2026 capital expenditure guidance to about $220 billion from about $200 billion, attributed by CEO Andy Jassy to higher memory costs; second-quarter cash capex was $53.1 billion.", "source_url": "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/07/30/amazon-amzn-q2-earnings-report-2026.html", "source_name": "CNBC", "verified": true, "usd_b": 220, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-07-30", "actor": "European Commission", "actor_type": "Sovereign", "action": "Opens AI Gigafactories tender", "magnitude": "€10B public; €30B total", "summary": "The Commission launched a tender for up to seven AI Gigafactories backed by up to €10 billion public funding, targeting over €30 billion investment.", "source_url": "https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_26_1708", "source_name": "European Commission", "verified": true, "usd_b": 34.8, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-07-22", "actor": "Alphabet", "actor_type": "Platform", "action": "Raises 2026 capex guidance", "magnitude": "$195–205B capex 2026", "summary": "Alphabet raised 2026 capital expenditure guidance to $195–205 billion from $180–190 billion after quarterly capex of $44.9 billion.", "source_url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0001652044/000165204426000066/googexhibit991q22026.htm", "source_name": "SEC (Alphabet Form 8-K)", "verified": true, "usd_b": 200, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-07-13", "actor": "Meta", "actor_type": "Platform", "action": "Expands Hyperion campus to 5 GW", "magnitude": ">$50B; 5 GW", "summary": "Meta said its Hyperion data center in Louisiana will expand to 5 GW at a cost above $50 billion, up from about $27 billion.", "source_url": "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/07/13/meta-louisiana-data-center-investment-reaches-50-billion-amid-ai-push.html", "source_name": "CNBC", "verified": true, "usd_b": 50, "gw": 5 }, { "date": "2026-07-01", "actor": "MGX (Abu Dhabi)", "actor_type": "Sovereign", "action": "Closes Fund I", "magnitude": "$49B fund", "summary": "Abu Dhabi's MGX closed its first fund at $49 billion, above a $45 billion target, to invest across AI infrastructure and labs.", "source_url": "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/07/01/mgx-ai-fund-uae-49-billion.html", "source_name": "CNBC", "verified": true, "usd_b": 49, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-06-28", "actor": "Bank for International Settlements", "actor_type": "Multilateral", "action": "Publishes Annual Economic Report on AI", "magnitude": "—", "summary": "The BIS Annual Economic Report said AI capital expenditure lifted US investment and global growth in 2025 while raising financial fragility concerns.", "source_url": "https://www.bis.org/publ/arpdf/ar2026e.htm", "source_name": "Bank for International Settlements", "verified": true, "usd_b": null, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-05-31", "actor": "US Commerce Dept. (BIS)", "actor_type": "Regulator", "action": "Extends chip licensing to Chinese-owned firms abroad", "magnitude": "—", "summary": "BIS guidance said advanced AI chip export licensing applies to all firms headquartered or parented in China, wherever subsidiaries operate.", "source_url": "https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2026/6/1/us-says-ban-on-ai-chip-shipments-applies-to-chinese-firms-outside-china", "source_name": "Al Jazeera", "verified": true, "usd_b": null, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-05-28", "actor": "Anthropic", "actor_type": "Lab", "action": "Closes Series H round", "magnitude": "$65B at $965B", "summary": "Anthropic raised $65 billion in Series H led by Altimeter, Dragoneer, Greenoaks and Sequoia at a $965 billion post-money valuation.", "source_url": "https://www.anthropic.com/news/series-h", "source_name": "Anthropic", "verified": true, "usd_b": 65, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-05-27", "actor": "European Central Bank", "actor_type": "Central Bank", "action": "Flags AI private-credit stability risk", "magnitude": "5–6% pension asset loss (stress)", "summary": "The ECB Financial Stability Review warned AI investment financed by private credit could cause euro area pension fund losses of 5–6% of assets under stress.", "source_url": "https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/financial-stability-publications/fsr/html/ecb.fsr202605~50566915a7.en.html", "source_name": "European Central Bank", "verified": false, "usd_b": null, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-04-03", "actor": "Microsoft", "actor_type": "Platform", "action": "Commits Japan AI infrastructure investment", "magnitude": "$10B 2026–2029", "summary": "Microsoft announced a $10 billion investment in Japan through 2029 for AI infrastructure, cybersecurity and training one million workers.", "source_url": "https://news.microsoft.com/source/asia/2026/04/03/microsoft-deepens-its-commitment-to-japan-with-10-billion-investment-in-ai-infrastructure-cybersecurity-workforce/", "source_name": "Microsoft", "verified": true, "usd_b": 10, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-03-31", "actor": "OpenAI", "actor_type": "Lab", "action": "Closes record funding round", "magnitude": "$122B at $852B", "summary": "OpenAI completed a $122 billion round at an $852 billion valuation, with Amazon committing $50 billion and Nvidia and SoftBank $30 billion each.", "source_url": "https://openai.com/index/accelerating-the-next-phase-ai/", "source_name": "OpenAI", "verified": true, "usd_b": 122, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-02-19", "actor": "Reliance Industries", "actor_type": "Enterprise", "action": "Pledges AI infrastructure investment", "magnitude": "$110B over 7 years", "summary": "Reliance and Jio said they will invest $110 billion over seven years in gigawatt-scale data centers and AI services in India.", "source_url": "https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-02-19/ambani-s-reliance-to-invest-110-billion-in-ai-infrastructure", "source_name": "Bloomberg", "verified": true, "usd_b": 110, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-02-12", "actor": "Anthropic", "actor_type": "Lab", "action": "Closes Series G round", "magnitude": "$30B at $380B", "summary": "Anthropic finalized a $30 billion Series G led by GIC and Coatue at a $380 billion post-money valuation.", "source_url": "https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-02-12/anthropic-finalizes-30-billion-funding-at-380-billion-value", "source_name": "Bloomberg", "verified": true, "usd_b": 30, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-01-19", "actor": "IMF", "actor_type": "Multilateral", "action": "Raises global growth forecast on AI investment", "magnitude": "3.3% global growth 2026", "summary": "The IMF raised its 2026 global growth forecast to 3.3%, citing surging AI-related technology investment offsetting trade headwinds.", "source_url": "https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2026/01/19/world-economic-outlook-update-january-2026", "source_name": "IMF", "verified": true, "usd_b": null, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-01-15", "actor": "TSMC", "actor_type": "Chipmaker", "action": "Guides 2026 capital expenditure", "magnitude": "$52–56B capex 2026", "summary": "TSMC set a 2026 capital budget of $52 to $56 billion, up from $40.9 billion in 2025, citing AI demand.", "source_url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1046179/000104617926000008/a4q25e_withguidancexfinal.htm", "source_name": "SEC (TSMC Form 6-K)", "verified": true, "usd_b": 54, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-01-13", "actor": "US Commerce Dept. (BIS)", "actor_type": "Regulator", "action": "Eases H200-class China export licensing", "magnitude": "Case-by-case review; 25% tariff", "summary": "BIS moved H200/MI325X-class exports to China to case-by-case review; a 25% Section 232 tariff on such chips followed on January 14.", "source_url": "https://www.cov.com/en/news-and-insights/insights/2026/01/us-commerce-department-revises-license-review-policy-for-exports-of-certain-advanced-computing-commodities-to-china-and-macau", "source_name": "Covington & Burling", "verified": true, "usd_b": null, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-01-13", "actor": "JPMorgan Chase", "actor_type": "Enterprise", "action": "Guides 2026 technology spend", "magnitude": "$19.8B tech spend 2026", "summary": "JPMorgan guided approximately $19.8 billion of 2026 technology spend, up 10%, with $1.2 billion of the increase for investments including AI.", "source_url": "https://www.jpmorganchase.com/content/dam/jpmc/jpmorgan-chase-and-co/investor-relations/documents/quarterly-earnings/2025/4th-quarter/jpm-4q25-earnings-call-transcript.pdf", "source_name": "JPMorgan Chase (4Q25 earnings call)", "verified": true, "usd_b": 19.8, "gw": null }, { "date": "2026-01-09", "actor": "Meta", "actor_type": "Platform", "action": "Signs nuclear power agreements", "magnitude": "Up to 6.6 GW nuclear", "summary": "Meta announced agreements with Vistra, Oklo and TerraPower for up to 6.6 GW of nuclear capacity by 2035, including 20-year PPAs.", "source_url": "https://about.fb.com/news/2026/01/meta-nuclear-energy-projects-power-american-ai-leadership/", "source_name": "Meta Newsroom", "verified": true, "usd_b": null, "gw": 6.6 }, { "date": "2026-01-06", "actor": "xAI", "actor_type": "Lab", "action": "Closes Series E round", "magnitude": "$20B Series E", "summary": "xAI closed an upsized $20 billion Series E with investors including Nvidia, Cisco, QIA and MGX to fund data centers and Grok 5.", "source_url": "https://x.ai/news/series-e", "source_name": "xAI", "verified": true, "usd_b": 20, "gw": null }, { "date": "2025-10-15", "actor": "BlackRock GIP / MGX (AIP consortium)", "actor_type": "Enterprise", "action": "Agrees to acquire Aligned Data Centers", "magnitude": "$40B acquisition", "summary": "A consortium of BlackRock's GIP, MGX and the AI Infrastructure Partnership agreed to buy Aligned Data Centers for $40 billion.", "source_url": "https://www.cnbc.com/2025/10/15/nvidia-microsoft-blackrock-aligned-data-centers.html", "source_name": "CNBC", "verified": true, "usd_b": 40, "gw": null }, { "date": "2025-10-08", "actor": "Bank of England (FPC)", "actor_type": "Central Bank", "action": "Warns AI equity valuations stretched", "magnitude": "—", "summary": "The Financial Policy Committee said AI-focused equity valuations appear stretched and the risk of a sharp market correction has increased.", "source_url": "https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/financial-policy-committee-record/2025/october-2025", "source_name": "Bank of England", "verified": true, "usd_b": null, "gw": null }, { "date": "2025-10-06", "actor": "AMD", "actor_type": "Chipmaker", "action": "Signs 6 GW OpenAI GPU agreement", "magnitude": "6 GW; 160M-share warrant", "summary": "AMD agreed to supply OpenAI 6 GW of Instinct GPUs starting in 2H 2026 and issued a warrant for up to 160 million AMD shares.", "source_url": "https://ir.amd.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/1260/amd-and-openai-announce-strategic-partnership-to-deploy-6-gigawatts-of-amd-gpus", "source_name": "AMD Investor Relations", "verified": true, "usd_b": null, "gw": 6 }, { "date": "2025-09-29", "actor": "State of California", "actor_type": "Regulator", "action": "Signs SB 53 frontier AI law", "magnitude": "Models >10^26 FLOPs", "summary": "Governor Newsom signed SB 53, requiring frontier developers training models above 10^26 FLOPs to publish safety frameworks and report incidents.", "source_url": "https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/09/29/governor-newsom-signs-sb-53-advancing-californias-world-leading-artificial-intelligence-industry/", "source_name": "Office of the Governor of California", "verified": true, "usd_b": null, "gw": null }, { "date": "2025-09-22", "actor": "Nvidia", "actor_type": "Chipmaker", "action": "Signs OpenAI 10 GW letter of intent", "magnitude": "Up to $100B; 10 GW", "summary": "Nvidia and OpenAI signed a letter of intent to deploy at least 10 GW of Nvidia systems, with Nvidia investing up to $100 billion progressively.", "source_url": "https://nvidianews.nvidia.com/news/openai-and-nvidia-announce-strategic-partnership-to-deploy-10gw-of-nvidia-systems", "source_name": "Nvidia Newsroom", "verified": true, "usd_b": 100, "gw": 10 }, { "date": "2025-09-02", "actor": "Anthropic", "actor_type": "Lab", "action": "Closes Series F round", "magnitude": "$13B at $183B", "summary": "Anthropic raised $13 billion in a Series F led by ICONIQ at a $183 billion post-money valuation.", "source_url": "https://www.anthropic.com/news/anthropic-raises-series-f-at-usd183b-post-money-valuation", "source_name": "Anthropic", "verified": true, "usd_b": 13, "gw": null }, { "date": "2025-06-29", "actor": "OECD", "actor_type": "Multilateral", "action": "Publishes G7 AI productivity estimate", "magnitude": "+0.4–1.3 pp/yr productivity", "summary": "OECD estimated AI could add 0.4 to 1.3 percentage points to annual labour productivity growth over ten years in high-exposure G7 economies.", "source_url": "https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/macroeconomic-productivity-gains-from-artificial-intelligence-in-g7-economies_a5319ab5-en.html", "source_name": "OECD", "verified": true, "usd_b": null, "gw": null }, { "date": "2025-05-13", "actor": "US Commerce Dept. (BIS)", "actor_type": "Regulator", "action": "Rescinds AI Diffusion Rule", "magnitude": "—", "summary": "Commerce announced rescission of the Biden-era AI Diffusion Rule ahead of its May 15 compliance date and issued new chip-diversion guidance.", "source_url": "https://www.bis.gov/press-release/department-commerce-announces-rescission-biden-era-artificial-intelligence-diffusion-rule-strengthens", "source_name": "US Bureau of Industry and Security", "verified": true, "usd_b": null, "gw": null }, { "date": "2025-05-13", "actor": "Saudi PIF / Humain", "actor_type": "Sovereign", "action": "Launches Humain, orders Nvidia GB300 chips", "magnitude": "18,000 GB300; 500 MW", "summary": "PIF-owned Humain launched and agreed to buy 18,000 Nvidia GB300 chips for a 500 MW AI data center build in Saudi Arabia.", "source_url": "https://nvidianews.nvidia.com/news/humain-and-nvidia-announce-strategic-partnership-to-build-ai-factories-of-the-future-in-saudi-arabia", "source_name": "Nvidia Newsroom", "verified": true, "usd_b": null, "gw": 0.5 }, { "date": "2025-04-15", "actor": "Nvidia", "actor_type": "Chipmaker", "action": "Discloses H20 China license charge", "magnitude": "$5.5B charge", "summary": "Nvidia disclosed the US government now requires licenses for H20 exports to China and expected up to $5.5 billion in first-quarter charges.", "source_url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1045810/000104581025000082/nvda-20250409.htm", "source_name": "SEC (Nvidia Form 8-K)", "verified": true, "usd_b": 5.5, "gw": null }, { "date": "2025-02-11", "actor": "European Commission", "actor_type": "Sovereign", "action": "Launches InvestAI initiative", "magnitude": "€200B InvestAI", "summary": "The Commission launched InvestAI to mobilise €200 billion for AI, including a €20 billion European fund for AI gigafactories.", "source_url": "https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_25_467", "source_name": "European Commission", "verified": true, "usd_b": 207, "gw": null }, { "date": "2025-02-10", "actor": "France (Élysée)", "actor_type": "Sovereign", "action": "Announces AI investment pledges", "magnitude": "€109B pledged", "summary": "President Macron announced €109 billion of AI investment commitments in France from UAE/MGX, Brookfield, Bpifrance and others ahead of the Paris summit.", "source_url": "https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-02-10/macron-touts-109-billion-of-investments-in-bid-to-become-ai-hub", "source_name": "Bloomberg", "verified": true, "usd_b": 113, "gw": null }, { "date": "2025-01-21", "actor": "OpenAI / SoftBank / Oracle", "actor_type": "Lab", "action": "Announces Stargate infrastructure venture", "magnitude": "$500B over 4 years", "summary": "OpenAI, SoftBank, Oracle and MGX announced Stargate, intending to invest $500 billion in US AI infrastructure over four years, $100 billion immediately.", "source_url": "https://openai.com/index/announcing-the-stargate-project/", "source_name": "OpenAI", "verified": true, "usd_b": 500, "gw": null }, { "date": "2025-01-03", "actor": "Microsoft", "actor_type": "Platform", "action": "Guides $80B FY25 AI data center spend", "magnitude": "$80B capex FY25", "summary": "Microsoft said it expects to spend about $80 billion in fiscal 2025 on AI-enabled data centers, over half in the United States.", "source_url": "https://www.cnbc.com/2025/01/03/microsoft-expects-to-spend-80-billion-on-ai-data-centers-in-fy-2025.html", "source_name": "CNBC", "verified": true, "usd_b": 80, "gw": null } ]